Completing the connectome: How pursuing a map of the fly brain rewired neuroscience

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- Nature, Published online: 02 September 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-02694-z At birth, the brain contains its own immune cells, called microglia, that are thought to persist throughout life without being replaced by cells from outside the brain. Studies that trace cell lineage now show that these…
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- The human brain has upward of 86 billion neurons, connected by some 100 trillion synapses
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- When researchers at HHMI's Janelia Research Campus set out to create a map of all the neurons in the fruit fly brain in 2008, many in the scientific community thought they were out of their minds.